- A. Carbohydrate
- B. fat
- C. Protein
- D. Water
(c) Protein
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin B
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin D
(c) Vitamin C
- A. Carbohydrate
- B. fat
- C. Protein
- D. minerals
(d) minerals
- A. Prokaryotic
- B. Eukaryotic
- C. Protozoa Acellular
- D. Acellular
(a) prokaryotic
False – There are six main nutrients present in food: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. True – Fats are used as an energy store by our body and also serve other important functions. False – Not all bacteria have flagella; some bacteria are non-motile and lack flagella. True – Iron helps in the formation of haemoglobin, which is essential for carrying oxygen in the blood. False – Viruses cannot grow and multiply outside a host cell; they require a living host cell to reproduce.
Deficiency diseases
Goitre
Rickets and water.
Food
Viral
Protein
Scurvy
Anemia
Virus
- A. Food items rich in fat.
- B. Vitamin deficiency diseases.
(a) Food items rich in fat: Meat, fish, egg yolk, milk.
(b) Vitamin deficiency diseases: Night blindness, Beriberi, Scurvy, Rickets.
Carbohydrates and proteins are two essential macronutrients that serve different functions in the body. Carbohydrates are energy-giving components of food that provide fuel for daily activities and bodily functions. Common sources of carbohydrates include nuts, fruits, rice, and maize. These foods are rich in sugars and starches that are broken down to release energy. Proteins, on the other hand, are body-building foods that are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues, muscles, and organs. Proteins also help in the formation of enzymes and hormones. The main sources of proteins are pulses, soybean, nuts, eggs, and fish. While carbohydrates primarily supply energy, proteins are mainly responsible for building and repairing body structures. Both nutrients are vital for maintaining good health and should be included in a balanced diet in appropriate proportions.
A balanced diet is a diet which contains a sufficient amount of various nutrients in the right proportions to ensure good health and proper functioning of the body. A balanced diet includes carbohydrates for energy, proteins for growth and repair, fats for insulation and energy storage, vitamins and minerals for various metabolic processes, and dietary fiber for digestion. It should provide all the necessary nutrients required by the body to maintain health, prevent diseases, and support physical and mental development.
We should not wash the fruits and vegetables after cutting because water-soluble vitamins and minerals present in them will dissolve and be washed away with the water. When fruits and vegetables are cut, their cells are damaged and their nutrients become exposed to water. Vitamins such as vitamin C and B-complex vitamins are water-soluble and easily lost during washing. Additionally, minerals and proteins in the fruits and vegetables will also be washed away, reducing their nutritional value. Therefore, it is better to wash fruits and vegetables before cutting them to retain their maximum nutritional content.
Two viral diseases are common cold and smallpox. Common cold is a mild respiratory infection caused by viruses that affects the nose and throat, causing symptoms like sneezing, coughing, and runny nose. Smallpox is a more serious viral disease that causes fever and characteristic skin rashes and has been largely eradicated through vaccination programs. Other examples of viral diseases include polio, which affects the nervous system and can cause paralysis.
The main features of a microorganism are that they are extremely small in size and cannot be seen with the naked eye. Microorganisms can only be observed with the help of a microscope, which magnifies them many times their actual size. Despite their tiny size, microorganisms are living organisms that can reproduce, move, and respond to their environment. They are found everywhere in nature, including in soil, water, and air. Some microorganisms are beneficial to humans and are used in various industries, while others can cause diseases.
Vitamin A — night blindness; Vitamin B1 (thiamine) — beriberi; Vitamin B12 — pernicious anemia; Vitamin C — scurvy; Vitamin D — rickets; Vitamin K — bleeding disorders.