CBSE · NCERT · Class 10 Social Science · Chapter 9

NCERT Solutions: Class 10 Social Science Chapter 9 - Geography: Agriculture

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Chapter-wise NCERT intext questions and exercise answers for Geography: Agriculture, grounded in the official textbook.

Questions are taken verbatim from the NCERT textbook; answers were grounded against the chapter's content during generation. Items needing review are marked.
Sections in this chapter
1. Multiple choice questions. 32. Answer the following questions in 30 words. 33. Answer the following questions in about 120 words. 2
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11. Multiple choice questions.3 questions
Q.(i)Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?v
  1. (a). Shifting Agriculture
  2. (b). Plantation Agriculture
  3. (c). Horticulture
  4. (d). Intensive Agriculture
Solution

Plantations grow a single crop on a large estate using capital-intensive methods and hired labour.

Answer:

(b) Plantation Agriculture

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Q.(ii)Which one of the following is a rabi crop?v
  1. (a). Rice
  2. (b). Gram
  3. (c). Millets
  4. (d). Cotton
Solution

Gram is sown in winter and harvested in summer as a rabi crop.

Answer:

(b) Gram

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Q.(iii)Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?v
  1. (a). Pulses
  2. (b). Jawar
  3. (c). Millets
  4. (d). Sesamum
Solution

Pulses are legumes whose root nodules help fix atmospheric nitrogen.

Answer:

(a) Pulses

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22. Answer the following questions in 30 words.3 questions
Q.(i)Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.v
Solution

Grounded in the tea subsection.

Answer:

Tea requires a warm, moist, frost-free climate, frequent showers, well-drained fertile soil rich in humus and organic matter, and abundant skilled labour. Sloping ground prevents waterlogging.

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Q.(ii)Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.v
Solution

Grounded in the rice distribution passage.

Answer:

Rice is a major staple. It is grown in the northern and north-eastern plains, coastal areas and deltaic regions, and with irrigation in Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh and parts of Rajasthan.

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Q.(iii)Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.v
Solution

The list comes from ‘Institutional and Technological Reforms’.

Answer:

Measures include land reform and consolidation, cooperation, crop insurance, Grameen and commercial bank credit, Kisan Credit Cards, Personal Accident Insurance, minimum support prices, procurement prices, agricultural research and extension, weather bulletins and farm programmes on radio and television.

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33. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.2 questions
Q.(i)Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.v
Solution

Synthesises the government initiatives described in the reform section.

Answer:

Government initiatives have combined institutional and technological reform. Land consolidation, abolition of intermediaries and cooperative organisation aimed to improve farm structure. The Green and White Revolutions promoted improved seeds, irrigation, fertilisers, machinery, dairy development and research. Farmers receive institutional credit through banks and Kisan Credit Cards, crop insurance against drought and other risks, and price support through minimum support and procurement prices. Agricultural universities, extension services, weather forecasts and radio or television programmes spread knowledge. Irrigation projects and rural infrastructure support production and marketing. These measures work best when small farmers receive affordable inputs, reliable water, storage and fair prices rather than benefits concentrating among large landholders.

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Q.(ii)Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.v
Solution

Grounded in the crop conditions and distribution given under rice.

Answer:

Rice is a kharif crop requiring high temperature above about 25°C, high humidity and annual rainfall above roughly 100 cm. Where rainfall is lower, assured irrigation is necessary. It grows well on level alluvial plains and deltaic soils that can retain standing water, and cultivation needs abundant labour. These conditions explain its concentration in the northern and north-eastern plains, coastal regions and river deltas. Irrigation has also enabled rice cultivation in lower-rainfall states such as Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh and parts of Rajasthan.

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