In dicot stems, vascular bundles are conjoint, open and arranged in a ring; cambium is present and medullary rays/pith are distinct. In monocot stems, vascular bundles are numerous, scattered in ground tissue, surrounded by sclerenchymatous bundle sheath, and closed because cambium is absent.
It is a dicot stem if vascular bundles are arranged in a ring and are open; it is a monocot stem if vascular bundles are scattered and closed.
Scattered conjoint closed vascular bundles with sclerenchymatous bundle sheath and absent phloem parenchyma are characteristic features of monocotyledonous stem.
It is a monocot stem.
The epidermal tissue system includes epidermal cells, stomata, trichomes and root hairs. The ground tissue system includes parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma in cortex, pericycle, pith, medullary rays and mesophyll. The vascular tissue system includes xylem and phloem arranged in vascular bundles.
The three tissue systems are epidermal, ground and vascular tissue systems.
Anatomical study distinguishes monocots and dicots, roots and stems, and different tissue systems. It helps identify plant material, understand transport, support, photosynthesis, growth and environmental adaptations, and supports taxonomy, agriculture and plant physiology.
Plant anatomy helps us understand internal structure, tissue organisation, adaptations, classification and functions of plant organs.