Samacheer Class 7 Social Science - New Religious Ideas and Movements

Vishnu Chittar
2. ……………………is the holy book of the Sikhs.
Guru Granth Sahib
3. Meerabai was the disciple of ……………………
Ravidas

4. ……………………philosophy is known as vishistadvaita.
Ramanuja
5. Gurudwara Darbar Sahib is situated at. ……………………. in Pakistan.
Kartarpur

Sufis
2. …………….is based on Vishnu’s avatars, particularly Krishna and Rama.
Vishnu-bhakti
3. Nammazhwar’s fame lies in his……………..stanza Thiruvaimozhi.
1,102
4. The Thiruppavai and the Nachiyar Thirumozhiare are …………….. celebrated works.
A war
5. ……………..is said to have compiled the songs of all of the Nayanmars.
Nambi Andar Nambi
6. ……………..is a fundamental text of the Vedanta school.
Brahma-sutra

7. …………….. center of learning were Badrinath, Puri, Dwarka, and Sringeri.
Adi Shankara
8. …………….., Ramanajun was the most influential thinker.
Vaishnava saint
9. Thenkalai Vaishnavism centred on ……………..
Srirangam
10. In Tulsidas’s Hindi retelling of the story of Rama in the……………..
Ramcharitmanas
11. Chisti, Suhrawardi, and Firdausi were the three important order of ……………..
Sufis
12. ……………..tried to reconcile Hinduism and Islam.
Kabir

13. The ……………..and the ……………..were collections of Kabir’s verses.
Granthavali, Bijak
14. He visited many holy places and finally settled in ……………..near Lahore.
Kartarpur
15. Guru Nanak preached that ……………..
God is without form

1. A. Kabir
2. B. Sikhs
3. C. Abdul-Wahid Abu Najib
4. D. Guru Gobind Singh

A
B
1. Pahul
d) Guru Gobind Singh
2. Ramcharitmanas
e) Tulsidas
3. Srivaishnavism
b) Sikhs
4. Granthavali
a) Kabir
5. Suhrawardi
c) Abdul-Wahid Abu Najib

False
2. The best known Sufi sage of the early medieval period was Nizamuddin Auliya of the Chishti order.
True
3. Guru Nanak is considered the first guru of Sikhs.
True
4. Sufis believed that realization of God can be achieved only through passionate devotion to God and intense meditation.
True

5. The basic Tamil Saivite sacred canon consists of 12 books.
True

Tukaram, a 17th-century saint-poet of Maharashtra. .
It is devoted to Vitthoba, an avatar of Krishna.
There is a Vitthoba/Panduranga temple at Pantharpur or Pandaripuram in the Sholapur district, Maharashtra.
What is Chaitanya deva to Bengal is Tukaram to Maharashtra.

As a Muslim, Kabir came under the influence of Varanasi – based Saint Ramananda.
He accepted some Hindu ideas and tried to reconcile Hinduism and Islam.
He opposed discrimination on the basis of religion, caste, and wealth.
Kabir believed that God is one with different names and forms.

Andal, the only female Azhwar, is another.
Periyazhwar, who was earlier known as Vishnu Chittar, made lots of songs on Krishna putting himself in the place of mother Yashoda.
She grew up in the temple town of Srivilliputhur and became known as Andal-she who ruled.

Meera Bai, the wife of the crown prince of Mewar, was an ardent devotee of Lord Krishna.
She was a disciple of Ravidas. Meera Bai gained popularity through her bhajans.

Vaishnavite Saints (12Azhwars):
Eg: Poigai Azhwar, Bhoothathu Azhwar, and Pei Azhwar.
Saivite Saints (63 Nayanmars):
There are 63 legendary Nayanmars. Among them, Gnanasampandar, Appar, and Sundarar (often called “the trio”) are worshipped as saints through their images in South Indian temples.
Adi Shankara:
He preached the Advaita philosophy.
Shankara enthusiastically endeavoured to restore the orthodox Vedic tradition.
Ramanuja:
Ramanuja, a Vaishnava saint, was the most influential thinker of Vaishnavism.
In the 16th and 17th centuries, Vaishnavism spread across India.
He established centres to spread his doctrine of devotion, Srivaishnavism, to God Vishnu and his consort Lakshmi.
MeeraBai:
Meera Bai, the wife of the crown prince of Mewar, was an ardent devotee of Lord Krishna.
Chaitanyadeva:
Chaitanya deva popularised Krishna worship through ecstatic songs.
Tulsidas:
He is retelling of the story of Rama in Hindi.

Sufism:
The word Sufi takes its origin from suf, meaning wool.
The Sufis wore coarse garments made of wool and hence they were called Sufis.
Sufism in India:
The advent of Suf is to India dates back to the Arab conquest of Sind.
It gained prominence in the 10th and 11th centuries during the reign of the Delhi Sultans.
Sufism adopted many native Indian concepts such as yogic postures, music and dance.
Sufism found adherents among both Muslims and Hindus.
Sufis in medieval India were divided into three major orders.
They were Chisti, suhrawardi, and Firdausi.
Moinuddin Chishti made Chisti order popular in India.
His resting place is in the Ajmer Sharif Dargah in Ajmer, Rajasthan.

Impact of the Religious / Bhakti Movement:
Vedic Hinduism was regenerated and thus saved from the onslaught of Islam.
The Islamic tenets – unity of God and universal brotherhood – emphasised by the saints promoted harmony and peace.
Bhakti was a movement of the common people; it used the language of the common people for its devotional literature.
Bhakti movement opened up space for Indian languages to grow.
It stimulated literary activity in regional languages.
What sustained Sanskrit,despite its decline during this period, was the support extended by the rulers of Hindu kingdoms.
Tamil was the only ancient Indian language remained vibrant during this period.
Caste system and social disparities came to be criticised.