- (a) Mollusca
- (b) Coelenterata
- (c) Echinodermata
- (d) Porifera
Answer:
(c) Echinodermata
- (a) Porifera
- (b) Coelenterata
- (c) Annelida
- (d) Arthropoda
Answer:
(b) Coelenterata
- (a) Fishes and Amphibians
- (b) Amphibians and Aves
- (c) Aves and Mammals
- (d) Reptiles and Mammals
Answer:
(c) Aves and Mammals
Birds and mammals are warm-blooded (homeothermic).
- (a) Lizard
- (b) Snake
- (c) Crocodile
- (d) Calotes
Answer:
(c) Crocodile
- (a) Acrania
- (b) Acephalia
- (c) Apteria
- (d) Acoelomate
Answer:
(a) Acrania
- (a) Hydra, Tapeworm, Earthworm, Amphioxus
- (b) Hydra, Tapeworm, Earthworm, Ascidian
- (c) Hydra, Tapeworm, Earthworm, Balanoglossus
- (d) Hydra, Ascaris, Earthworm
Answer:
(b) Hydra, Tapeworm, Earthworm, Ascidian
- (a) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Man
- (b) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Crow
- (c) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Snake
- (d) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Crow
Answer:
(c) Fish, Frog, Lizard, Snake
- (a) Fish
- (b) Frog
- (c) Bird
- (d) Bat
Answer:
(c) Bird
- (a) flame cells
- (b) nephridia
- (c) body surface
- (d) solenocytes
Answer:
(a) Flame cells
- (a) Hydra
- (b) Earthworm
- (c) Starfish
- (d) Ascaris
Answer:
(c) Starfish
- Skeletal framework of Porifera is made of spicules.
- Ctenidia are respiratory organs in molluscs.
- Skates are cartilaginous fishes.
- Larva of amphibians is bilaterally symmetrical.
- Cyclostomes are jawless vertebrates.
- Placenta is characteristic feature of mammals.
- Spiny anteater is an example of egg-laying mammal.
If false, correct the statement.
Answer: False
Correct Statement:
Canal system is seen in Porifera.
Answer: True
Answer: False
Correct Statement:
Trachea is respiratory organ of arthropods.
Answer: False
Correct Statement:
Bipinnaria is larva of starfish (Echinodermata).
Answer: True
Answer: True
Answer: False
Correct Statement:
Skin of amphibians is smooth and moist.
Answer: True
Answer: True
| Phylum | Example |
|---|---|
| Coelenterata | Hydra |
| Platyhelminthes | Tapeworm |
| Echinodermata | Starfish |
| Mollusca | Snail |
Answer:
Taxonomy is branch of biology dealing with identification, naming and classification of organisms.
Answer:
Stinging cells present in coelenterates are called nematocysts or cnidoblasts.
They help in:
- protection
- capturing prey
Answer:
Their body wall consists of two germ layers:
- Ectoderm
- Endoderm
These are separated by mesoglea.
Hence they are called diploblastic animals.
Answer:
Respiration occurs through:
- gills
- skin
- buccopharynx
- lungs
Answer:
Locomotion occurs by tube feet with help of water vascular system.
Answer:
No.
- Jellyfish belongs to Coelenterata.
- Starfish belongs to Echinodermata.
Both are invertebrates.
True fishes are vertebrates.
Correction made:
Jellyfish body is not made of calcium carbonate.
Answer:
Frogs live both in water and on land.
Hence they are called amphibians.
Answer:
Features:
- Bilaterally symmetrical
- Triploblastic
- True coelomates
- Body divided into segments
- Covered by moist cuticle
- Setae/parapodia used for locomotion
- Sexes may be separate or united
Examples:
- Earthworm
- Leech
- Nereis
| Flatworms | Roundworms |
|---|---|
| Phylum Platyhelminthes | Phylum Aschelminthes |
| Acoelomate | Pseudocoelomate |
| Mostly hermaphrodite | Sexes separate |
| Flat body | Cylindrical body |
| Simple alimentary canal | Complete alimentary canal |
| Example: Tapeworm | Example: Ascaris |
# Chordata
(i) Protochordata
- Urochordata
- Cephalochordata
(ii) Vertebrata
- Pisces
- Amphibia
- Reptilia
- Aves
- Mammalia
Answer:
- Aquatic vertebrates
- Cold-blooded
- Body streamlined
- Respiration by gills
- Locomotion by fins
- Heart is two-chambered
Types of Fishes
Cartilaginous fishes
Example:
- Shark
- Skate
Bony fishes
Example:
- Carp
- Mullet
# Aquatic Adaptations
- Tadpole lives in water
- Gills used for respiration
- Webbed feet for swimming
- External fertilization
# Terrestrial Adaptations
- Adults live on land
- Respiration by lungs
- Limbs adapted for hopping
Answer:
- Forelimbs modified into wings
- Feathers help in flight
- Hind limbs adapted for:
- walking
- perching
- swimming
# Protochordata
Primitive chordates considered ancestors of vertebrates.
Urochordata
- Notochord only in larval tail
- Adults are sessile
- Body covered by tunic
Example:
Ascidian
Cephalochordata
- Fish-like marine animals
- Notochord extends throughout body
Example:
Amphioxus
Features
- Largest animal phylum
- Bilaterally symmetrical
- Triploblastic and coelomate
- Body divided into:
- head
- thorax
- abdomen
- Jointed appendages present
- Exoskeleton made of chitin
- Moulting occurs
- Open circulatory system
- Respiration by:
- gills
- tracheae
- body surface
- Excretion by Malpighian tubules or green glands
Examples
- Cockroach
- Crab
- Spider
- Scorpion
- Prawn
- Centipede
Identify Arthropods
| Organism | Group |
|---|---|
| Scorpion | Arachnid |
| Spider | Arachnid |
| Cockroach | Insect |
| Crab | Crustacean |
| Prawn | Crustacean |
# Important Summary
Porifera
- Canal system
- Spicules
Coelenterata
- Diploblastic
- Nematocysts
Platyhelminthes
- Flatworms
- Flame cells
Annelida
- Segmented worms
Arthropoda
- Jointed legs
- Chitinous exoskeleton
Mollusca
- Soft-bodied
- Ctenidia
Echinodermata
- Water vascular system
Chordata
- Notochord present
- Vertebrates included
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