- (a) Pisciculture
- (b) Sericulture
- (c) Aquaculture
- (d) Monoculture
Answer:
(a) Pisciculture
- (a) Jersey
- (b) Holstein–Friesian
- (c) Sahiwal
- (d) Brown Swiss
Answer:
(c) Sahiwal
- (a) *Apis mellifera*
- (b) *Apis dorsata*
- (c) *Apis florea*
- (d) *Apis cerana*
Answer:
(a) *Apis mellifera*
- (a) Rohu
- (b) Catla
- (c) Mrigal
- (d) Singhara
Answer:
(d) Singhara
- (a) unfertilized eggs
- (b) fertilized eggs
- (c) parthenogenesis
- (d) both (b) and (c)
Answer:
(a) unfertilized eggs
Drones are produced by parthenogenesis.
- (a) Holstein–Friesian
- (b) Dorset
- (c) Sahiwal
- (d) Red Sindhi
Answer:
(a) Holstein–Friesian
- (a) *Apis dorsata*
- (b) *Apis florea*
- (c) *Apis mellifera*
- (d) *Apis indica*
Answer:
(d) *Apis indica*
- (a) Horticulture
- (b) Hydroponics
- (c) Pomology
- (d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Hydroponics
- (a) Lichen
- (b) Rhizobium
- (c) Mycorrhiza
- (d) Azotobacter
Answer:
(c) Mycorrhiza
- (a) Spawn
- (b) Mycelium
- (c) Leaf
- (d) All of these
Answer:
(b) Mycelium
- Quinine is obtained from Cinchona.
- *Carica papaya* leaves are used in dengue treatment support.
- Vermicompost is produced using earthworms and microorganisms.
- Aquaculture includes culture of prawns, pearls and edible oysters.
- Largest member in honey bee colony is the queen bee.
- Formic acid acts as preservative in honey.
- Polyculture means rearing different fish varieties together.
If false, correct the statement.
Answer: False
Correct Statement:
Mycorrhiza is association between fungus and plant roots.
Answer: False
Correct Statement:
Milch animals are mainly reared for milk production.
Answer: False
Correct Statement:
*Apis dorsata* is called rock bee.
Answer: False
Correct Statement:
Ongole is an indigenous Indian breed.
Answer: True
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| Lobsters | Shell fish |
| Catla | Fin fish |
| Sea bass | Marine fish |
| Oysters | Pearl |
| Pokkali | Paddy |
| *Pleurotus* spp. | Oyster mushroom |
| Sarpagandha | Reserpine |
| Olericulture | Vegetable farming |
| *Wrightia tinctoria* | Psoriasis |
# (a) Exotic Breed and Indigenous Breed
| Exotic Breed | Indigenous Breed |
|---|---|
| Imported from foreign countries | Native Indian breeds |
| High milk yield | Better disease resistance |
| Examples: Jersey, Brown Swiss | Examples: Sahiwal, Gir |
# (b) Pollen and Nectar
| Pollen | Nectar |
|---|---|
| Powdery male reproductive particles | Sweet liquid secretion |
| Produced by anther | Produced by nectaries |
| Helps fertilization | Attracts pollinators |
# (c) Shrimp and Prawn
| Shrimp | Prawn |
|---|---|
| Mostly marine | Freshwater and marine |
| Smaller body | Generally larger body |
# (d) Farmyard Manure and Sheep Manure
| Farmyard Manure | Sheep Manure |
|---|---|
| Cow dung, urine and litter | Sheep/goat excreta |
| Lower nutrient content | Higher nutrient content |
| Common organic manure | Rich in nitrogen |
Answer:
Organic compounds produced by organisms that are not directly involved in growth or reproduction are called secondary metabolites.
Examples:
- Alkaloids
- Essential oils
- Antibiotics
Answer:
- Kitchen garden
- Commercial garden
- Vegetable forcing
- Greenhouse gardening
- Organic vegetable gardening
Answer:
- Freezing
- Drying
- Canning
- Vacuum cooling
Answer:
- Eco-friendly
- Rich in nutrients
- Improves soil fertility
- Contains useful microbes
- Enhances decomposition
Answer:
- *Perionyx excavatus*
- *Eisenia fetida*
- *Eudrilus eugeniae*
Answer:
- Antibacterial property
- Blood purifier
- Helps haemoglobin formation
- Relieves sore throat and cough
- Helps digestion
Answer:
Hydroponics is growing plants without soil using nutrient solution.
Advantages
- Saves water and nutrients
- Faster plant growth
- Better yield
- Suitable for deserts and cold regions
- Fewer weeds and pests
# Mushroom Culture
Growing mushrooms using agricultural and industrial wastes.
Steps in Mushroom Cultivation
# (i) Composting
- Paddy straw mixed with cow dung and fertilizers
- Maintained around (50^\circ C)
# (ii) Spawning
- Spawn acts as mushroom seed
- Fungal mycelium grown under sterile conditions
# (iii) Casing
Thin soil layer added to maintain humidity and temperature.
# (iv) Pinning
Small white buds develop into mushrooms.
# (v) Harvesting
- Temperature maintained between (15^\circ C) and (23^\circ C)
- Mushrooms harvested after about 3 weeks
Answer:
Biodegradable wastes used include:
- Crop residues
- Vegetable wastes
- Fruit wastes
- Leaf litter
- Animal wastes
- Biogas slurry
# (i) Breeding Pond
Used for breeding mature fishes.
# (ii) Hatchling Pond
Used for hatching fertilized eggs.
# (iii) Nursery Pond
Young hatchlings grow into fry.
# (iv) Rearing Pond
Fry grow into fingerlings.
# (v) Stocking/Culture Pond
Fingerlings raised to market size.
| Type | Examples |
|---|---|
| Milch breeds | Sahiwal, Gir |
| Draught breeds | Kangayam, Hallikar |
| Dual-purpose breeds | Hariana, Ongole |
Answer:
- Reduces pollution
- Improves soil fertility
- Eco-friendly farming
- Enhances crop productivity
Answer:
Honeycomb is made from wax secreted by worker bees.
Importance of Hexagonal Shape
- Maximum storage with minimum wax
- Strong structure
- Stores honey and pollen
- Used for rearing larvae
Observation of Earthworms in Vermicompost
Observation
Earthworms convert organic waste into nutrient-rich compost.
Honey Bee Colony
| Bee Type | Function |
|---|---|
| Queen bee | Egg laying |
| Worker bee | Collect nectar and hive maintenance |
| Drone | Reproduction |
# Important Summary
Pisciculture
Fish farming.
Apiculture
Honey bee rearing.
Hydroponics
Growing plants without soil.
Vermicomposting
Using earthworms to prepare organic manure.
Mycorrhiza
Association between fungi and plant roots.
Mushroom Mycelium
Vegetative body of fungus.
Polyculture
Growing multiple fish species together.
Honey Bee Types
- Queen
- Worker
- Drone
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